Proportion and severity of periodontitis and correlation of periodontal inflamed surface area with glycemic status in type 2 diabetic neuropathy patients with and without diabetic foot
Background
The association between diabetic neuropathy with and without diabetic foot and periodontitis remains unaddressed in the literature. The present study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of patients with periodontitis and its severity, and to correlate Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) and Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) with HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetic Neuropathy (T2DN) patients with and without diabetic foot.
Method
In this cross-sectional study 310 type 2 diabetic neuropathy patients (T2DN) were randomly selected and the study comprised of 120 T2DN patients with diabetic foot and 155 T2DN patients without diabetic foot. All patients were assessed for periodontal parameters [Bleeding on Probing(BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), CAL, Oral Hygiene Index –Simplified (OHI-S Index), Plaque Index (PI), and PISA)] and systemic parameters [(HbA1c, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), PPBG, Urinary Albumin Creatine Ratio(UACR), ESR, and high sensitive-C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP)].Unpaired t-test and Chi-Square test were used to analyze quantitative data and qualitative data respectively.
Results
The frequency of patients with periodontitis in T2DN patients with and without diabetic foot was 91.7% and 88.4% respectively. The severity of periodontitis, PISA, and CAL were higher in the diabetic foot group. CAL and PISA were significantly related with HbA1c in T2DN patients with and without diabetic foot.
Conclusion
Percentage of patients with periodontitis and the severity of periodontal destruction were high in type 2 diabetic neuropathy with diabetic foot. A significant correlation of PISA, CAL with glycemic status was found in type 2 diabetic neuropathy patients with and without diabetic foot.
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